MARKET STUDY All analysis covers resale homes only. New construction appears once, in its own section. Click any dot on the map for that sale.
Resale sales, 365 days
21
single-family resale homes
Median net sale price
$470,000
average $488,750
Median net price per SF
$202
average $203
Median days on market
13 days
average 44 days
1. SummaryResale homes · 21 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
This study looks at the 21 resale homes sold in Vista Oaks Sec 3 B in the 365 days to October 25, 2026. A full year is used because only 13 resale homes sold in the last 180 days. New construction is left out and shown on its own in section 7. The homes are compared four ways: by price, by living area, by year built and with or without a view. The first three are split into four equal groups (quartiles), each named by its range.
Each comparison has its own section (3–6) with everything about it in one place: the key differences, a table of every measure at a glance, the charts and the numbers.
2. Where the resale homes sold21 resale homes · colored by price range
Each dot is one resale home, colored by its price range. Use the buttons to show one price range at a time. Click a dot for that sale: address, close date, original and last list price, net sale price, living area, net sale per SF and days on market. Scroll or pinch to zoom.
3. Quartiles by net sale priceResale homes · 21 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Sales ranked by net sale price and cut into four equal groups. This is the usual way to read a market by price.
Bottom line
Homes over $570K are about 1,600 SF (86%) larger than homes under $416K.
3.1 Key differences
The top group against the bottom group. Only real differences are listed. Section 8 explains each measure.
Under $416K$416K–$448K$470K–$570KOver $570K
Higher-priced homes Over $570K
Are much larger.
Lower-priced homes Under $416K
Are much smaller.
3.2 At a glance
Shaded rows are real differences; the darkest cell is the highest. Gray rows show no clear difference. Prices are averages; days on market and year built are medians.
Under $416K
$416K–$448K
$470K–$570K
Over $570K
Real difference?
Net price per SF
$210 per SF
$203 per SF
$209 per SF
$188 per SF
unclear
Living area
1,863 SFSmallest
2,137 SF
2,448 SF
3,461 SFLargest
✓ large
Year built
1996
1994
1997
1999
unclear
Days on market
50 days
11 days
12 days
19 days
unclear
Discount from original list
6.3%
3.2%
2.5%
3.4%
unclear
Price cut before sale
40%
40%
17%
20%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
40%
60%
33%
60%
unclear
Has a view
0%
20%
17%
40%
unclear
How to read this section. Each heading gives the finding. The gold box says whether the gap is real (✓, with its size) or could be chance (–). The section ends with its numbers; the tests are in section 8.3.
3.3 Net price per SF: no clear difference
The average is $188 per SF for homes over $570K and $210 per SF for homes under $416K. It does not move in a straight line; homes under $416K are highest. Defined in 8.1.2.
– No clear difference · could be chance
3.4 Homes over $570K are about 1,600 SF (86%) larger than homes under $416K
The average is 3,461 SF for homes over $570K and 1,863 SF for homes under $416K. It rises step by step from the lowest range to the highest. Defined in 8.1.3.
✓ Real difference · large
3.5 Year built: no clear difference
The median is 1999 for homes over $570K and 1996 for homes under $416K. It does not move in a straight line; homes over $570K are highest. Defined in 8.1.4.
– No clear difference · could be chance
3.6 Days on market: no clear difference
The median is 19 days for homes over $570K and 50 days for homes under $416K. It does not move in a straight line; homes under $416K are highest. Defined in 8.1.5.
– No clear difference · could be chance
3.7 Discount from original list: no clear difference
The average is 3.4% for homes over $570K and 6.3% for homes under $416K. It does not move in a straight line; homes under $416K are highest. Defined in 8.1.6.
– No clear difference · could be chance
3.8 How often: price cut before sale, seller paid closing costs or repairs, has a view
Each bar is the share of homes in the group, in percent.
20% of homes over $570K had a price cut before sale, against 40% of homes under $416K. Defined in 8.1.7.
60% of homes over $570K had the seller pay closing costs or repairs, against 40% of homes under $416K. Defined in 8.1.8.
40% of homes over $570K have a view, against 0% of homes under $416K. Defined in 8.1.9.
Price cut before sale: – No clear difference · could be chance
Seller paid closing costs or repairs: – No clear difference · could be chance
Has a view: – No clear difference · could be chance
3.9 The numbers: price and size
Under $416K5 sales
$416K–$448K5 sales
$470K–$570K6 sales
Over $570K5 sales
All21 sales
Real difference?
Net sale price average
$391,050
$428,550
$505,075
$627,060
$488,750
by design
Net price per SF average
$210
$203
$209
$188
$203
unclear
Living area average
1,863
2,137
2,448
3,461
2,476
✓ large
Year built median
1996
1994
1997
1999
1996
unclear
3.10 The numbers: selling
Under $416K5 sales
$416K–$448K5 sales
$470K–$570K6 sales
Over $570K5 sales
All21 sales
Real difference?
Days on market median
50
11
12
19
13
unclear
Discount from original list average
6.3%
3.2%
2.5%
3.4%
3.8%
unclear
Price cut before sale
40%
40%
17%
20%
29%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
40%
60%
33%
60%
48%
unclear
Has a view
0%
20%
17%
40%
19%
unclear
Prices, price per SF, living area and discount are averages; days on market and year built are medians. The test behind each verdict is in 8.3.1.
4. Quartiles by living areaResale homes · 21 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Sales ranked by living area and cut into four equal groups, from the smallest homes to the largest.
Bottom line
Homes over 2,592 SF sell for about $212K (52%) more than homes under 1,887 SF.
4.1 Key differences
The top group against the bottom group. Only real differences are listed. Section 8 explains each measure.
Under 1,887 SF1,887–2,175 SF2,217–2,592 SFOver 2,592 SF
Larger homes Over 2,592 SF
Sell for much more.
Smaller homes Under 1,887 SF
Sell for much less.
4.2 At a glance
Shaded rows are real differences; the darkest cell is the highest. Gray rows show no clear difference. Prices are averages; days on market and year built are medians.
Under 1,887 SF
1,887–2,175 SF
2,217–2,592 SF
Over 2,592 SF
Real difference?
Net sale price
$406KLowest
$453K
$481K
$618KHighest
✓ large
Net price per SF
$221 per SF
$220 per SF
$199 per SF
$172 per SF
unclear
Year built
1998
1996
1994
1999
unclear
Days on market
50 days
11 days
6 days
19 days
unclear
Discount from original list
6.1%
2.5%
2.6%
4.2%
unclear
Price cut before sale
60%
0%
33%
20%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
40%
40%
67%
40%
unclear
Has a view
20%
0%
17%
40%
unclear
4.3 Homes over 2,592 SF sell for about $212K (52%) more than homes under 1,887 SF
The average is $618K for homes over 2,592 SF and $406K for homes under 1,887 SF. It rises step by step from the lowest range to the highest. Defined in 8.1.1.
✓ Real difference · large
4.4 Net price per SF: no clear difference
The average is $172 per SF for homes over 2,592 SF and $221 per SF for homes under 1,887 SF. It falls step by step from the lowest range to the highest. Defined in 8.1.2.
– No clear difference · could be chance
4.5 Year built: no clear difference
The median is 1999 for homes over 2,592 SF and 1998 for homes under 1,887 SF. It does not move in a straight line; homes over 2,592 SF are highest. Defined in 8.1.4.
– No clear difference · could be chance
4.6 Days on market: no clear difference
The median is 19 days for homes over 2,592 SF and 50 days for homes under 1,887 SF. It does not move in a straight line; homes under 1,887 SF are highest. Defined in 8.1.5.
– No clear difference · could be chance
4.7 Discount from original list: no clear difference
The average is 4.2% for homes over 2,592 SF and 6.1% for homes under 1,887 SF. It does not move in a straight line; homes under 1,887 SF are highest. Defined in 8.1.6.
– No clear difference · could be chance
4.8 How often: price cut before sale, seller paid closing costs or repairs, has a view
Each bar is the share of homes in the group, in percent.
20% of homes over 2,592 SF had a price cut before sale, against 60% of homes under 1,887 SF. Defined in 8.1.7.
40% of homes over 2,592 SF had the seller pay closing costs or repairs, against 40% of homes under 1,887 SF. Defined in 8.1.8.
40% of homes over 2,592 SF have a view, against 20% of homes under 1,887 SF. Defined in 8.1.9.
Price cut before sale: – No clear difference · could be chance
Seller paid closing costs or repairs: – No clear difference · could be chance
Has a view: – No clear difference · could be chance
4.9 The numbers: price and size
Under 1,887 SF5 sales
1,887–2,175 SF5 sales
2,217–2,592 SF6 sales
Over 2,592 SF5 sales
All21 sales
Real difference?
Net sale price average
$405,650
$452,650
$480,708
$617,600
$488,750
✓ large
Net price per SF average
$221
$220
$199
$172
$203
unclear
Living area average
1,831
2,055
2,417
3,613
2,476
by design
Year built median
1998
1996
1994
1999
1996
unclear
4.10 The numbers: selling
Under 1,887 SF5 sales
1,887–2,175 SF5 sales
2,217–2,592 SF6 sales
Over 2,592 SF5 sales
All21 sales
Real difference?
Days on market median
50
11
6
19
13
unclear
Discount from original list average
6.1%
2.5%
2.6%
4.2%
3.8%
unclear
Price cut before sale
60%
0%
33%
20%
29%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
40%
40%
67%
40%
48%
unclear
Has a view
20%
0%
17%
40%
19%
unclear
Prices, price per SF, living area and discount are averages; days on market and year built are medians. The test behind each verdict is in 8.3.2.
5. Quartiles by year builtResale homes · 21 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Sales ranked by year built and cut into four groups, from the oldest to the newest. Homes built in the same year always stay in the same group, so group sizes can differ a little.
Bottom line: too few sales to test.
5.1 Key differences
The top group against the bottom group: no measure differs enough to rule out chance.
5.3 Net sale price: described, not tested
The average is $540K for homes built after 1998 and $471K for homes built before 1994. It does not move in a straight line; homes built after 1998 are highest. Defined in 8.1.1.
Not tested: too few sales.
5.4 Net price per SF: described, not tested
The average is $180 per SF for homes built after 1998 and $214 per SF for homes built before 1994. It does not move in a straight line; homes built 1996–1998 are highest. Defined in 8.1.2.
Not tested: too few sales.
5.5 Living area: described, not tested
The average is 3,109 SF for homes built after 1998 and 2,209 SF for homes built before 1994. It does not move in a straight line; homes built after 1998 are highest. Defined in 8.1.3.
Not tested: too few sales.
5.6 Days on market: described, not tested
The median is 47 days for homes built after 1998 and 12 days for homes built before 1994. It does not move in a straight line; homes built after 1998 are highest. Defined in 8.1.5.
Not tested: too few sales.
5.7 Discount from original list: described, not tested
The average is 5.0% for homes built after 1998 and 3.2% for homes built before 1994. It does not move in a straight line; homes built after 1998 are highest. Defined in 8.1.6.
Not tested: too few sales.
5.8 How often: price cut before sale, seller paid closing costs or repairs, has a view
Each bar is the share of homes in the group, in percent.
33% of homes built after 1998 had a price cut before sale, against 40% of homes built before 1994. Defined in 8.1.7.
17% of homes built after 1998 had the seller pay closing costs or repairs, against 60% of homes built before 1994. Defined in 8.1.8.
17% of homes built after 1998 have a view, against 20% of homes built before 1994. Defined in 8.1.9.
Price cut before sale: Not tested: too few sales.
Seller paid closing costs or repairs: Not tested: too few sales.
Has a view: Not tested: too few sales.
5.9 The numbers: price and size
Before 19945 sales
1994–19954 sales
1996–19986 sales
After 19986 sales
All21 sales
Net sale price average
$471,260
$516,775
$433,517
$539,875
$488,750
Net price per SF average
$214
$199
$220
$180
$203
Living area average
2,209
2,614
1,974
3,109
2,476
Year built median
1993
1994
1997
2000
1996
5.10 The numbers: selling
Before 19945 sales
1994–19954 sales
1996–19986 sales
After 19986 sales
All21 sales
Days on market median
12
18
11
47
13
Discount from original list average
3.2%
3.1%
3.5%
5.0%
3.8%
Price cut before sale
40%
25%
17%
33%
29%
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
60%
100%
33%
17%
48%
Has a view
20%
25%
17%
17%
19%
Prices, price per SF, living area and discount are averages; days on market and year built are medians. The test behind each verdict is in 8.3.3.
6. View and no viewResale homes · 21 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Sales where the MLS lists a view (greenbelt or park, trees, golf course, hill country, water and similar) against those listing none or only the neighborhood. 1 sales whose MLS view entry is only “See Remarks” are left out.
Bottom line: too few sales to test.
6.1 Key differences
The top group against the bottom group: no measure differs enough to rule out chance.
6.3 Net sale price: described, not tested
The average is $590K for homes with a view and $470K for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.1.
Not tested: too few sales.
6.4 Net price per SF: described, not tested
The average is $218 per SF for homes with a view and $200 per SF for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.2.
Not tested: too few sales.
6.5 Living area: described, not tested
The average is 2,785 SF for homes with a view and 2,430 SF for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.3.
Not tested: too few sales.
6.6 Year built: described, not tested
The median is 1996 for homes with a view and 1997 for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.4.
Not tested: too few sales.
6.7 Days on market: described, not tested
The median is 12 days for homes with a view and 27 days for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.5.
Not tested: too few sales.
6.8 Discount from original list: described, not tested
The average is 1.5% for homes with a view and 4.1% for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.6.
Not tested: too few sales.
6.9 How often: price cut before sale, seller paid closing costs or repairs
Each bar is the share of homes in the group, in percent.
0% of homes with a view had a price cut before sale, against 38% of homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.7.
75% of homes with a view had the seller pay closing costs or repairs, against 44% of homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.8.
Price cut before sale: Not tested: too few sales.
Seller paid closing costs or repairs: Not tested: too few sales.
6.10 The numbers: price and size
View4 sales
No view16 sales
All20 sales
Net sale price average
$590,012
$470,366
$494,295
Net price per SF average
$218
$200
$204
Living area average
2,785
2,430
2,501
Year built median
1996
1997
1996
6.11 The numbers: selling
View4 sales
No view16 sales
All20 sales
Days on market median
12
27
14
Discount from original list average
1.5%
4.1%
3.6%
Price cut before sale
0%
38%
30%
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
75%
44%
50%
Prices, price per SF, living area and discount are averages; days on market and year built are medians. The test behind each verdict is in 8.3.4.
7. New constructionBasic statistics · 0 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Homes sold new by the builder in the same 365 days. They are left out of every other section and shown here as basic figures only: 0 sales, no groups, no tests.
Note: these are only the new-construction sales reported in ABOR MLS. Builders often sell homes without listing them in the MLS, so these figures do not necessarily represent all new-construction sales in Vista Oaks Sec 3 B.
No new-construction sales were reported in ABOR MLS in this window.
Same definitions as the rest of the study (section 8). New construction = NewConstructionYN true, or PropertyCondition “New Construction” or “Under Construction”.
8. AppendixMeasures, methods and tests
Each measure and method three ways: in plain words, as statistics, and with the data from this study.
8.1 Measures
8.1.1 Net sale price
In simple terms
What the seller actually kept: the closing price, less money the seller gave back to the buyer for closing costs or repairs. It is the truest price for comparing homes.
Statistically
Net = ClosePrice − ACTRIS_BuyersClsgCostPdbySell − ACTRIS_RepairsAmount (a blank counts as $0). Summarized by the arithmetic mean in the slices.
The data
21 resale sales. Average $488,750; median $470,000; standard deviation $97,766; middle half (25th–75th percentile) $416,250–$570,000; lowest $365,000, highest $742,750. 10 sales had a seller payment; their median payment was $4,025.
8.1.2 Net price per SF
In simple terms
Net sale price divided by the heated and cooled square feet. It puts homes of different sizes on the same footing: did buyers pay more for each square foot, not just for more square feet?
Statistically
psf = Net ÷ LivingArea, per sale; summarized by the mean of the per-sale ratios.
The data
21 resale sales. Average $203; median $202; standard deviation $29; middle half (25th–75th percentile) $188–$224; lowest $138, highest $260.
8.1.3 Living area
In simple terms
The heated and cooled space, as listed in the MLS. Garages and porches are not counted.
Statistically
RESO LivingArea, in square feet. Sales under 400 SF are treated as entry errors and left out.
The data
21 resale sales. Average 2,476; median 2,217; standard deviation 714; middle half (25th–75th percentile) 1,887–2,592; lowest 1,788, highest 4,139.
8.1.4 Year built
In simple terms
The year the home was finished, as listed in the MLS. It shows whether a group leans to older or newer phases of the community.
Statistically
RESO YearBuilt; summarized by the median, with the 25th–75th percentile (middle half) on the charts.
The data
21 resale sales. Average 1996; median 1996; standard deviation 3; middle half (25th–75th percentile) 1994–1999; lowest 1992, highest 2001.
8.1.5 Days on market
In simple terms
How many days the home was on the market before the buyer's offer was accepted, counting any earlier listing periods (relists). This is the days on market agents and clients quote.
Statistically
CDOM = max(CumulativeDaysOnMarket, DaysOnMarket, PurchaseContractDate − ListingContractDate). The MLS counter can freeze at a price change, so the contract-date gap is a floor. Summarized by the median, because a few homes that sat for months pull an average up.
The data
21 resale sales. Average 44; median 13; standard deviation 53; middle half (25th–75th percentile) 8–79; lowest 3, highest 163. 0 sales went under contract on their listing date (0 days).
8.1.6 Discount from original list
In simple terms
How far below the first asking price the home sold, after seller payments. It measures how much negotiating room sellers gave up. A negative figure means the home sold above its first asking price.
Statistically
Discount % = (OriginalListPrice − Net) ÷ OriginalListPrice × 100, per sale; summarized by the mean.
The data
21 resale sales. Average 3.8%; median 3.2%; standard deviation 3.8%; middle half (25th–75th percentile) 1.1%–7.5%; lowest −3.1%, highest 11.8%. 2 sales closed above their first asking price.
8.1.7 Price cut before sale
In simple terms
The asking price was lowered at least once before the home went under contract.
Statistically
Indicator: ListPrice at close < OriginalListPrice. Reported as the share of sales (%).
The data
6 of 21 resale sales (28.6%).
8.1.8 Seller paid closing costs or repairs
In simple terms
The seller paid some of the buyer's closing costs or repairs.
Statistically
Indicator: ACTRIS_BuyersClsgCostPdbySell + ACTRIS_RepairsAmount > 0. Reported as the share of sales (%).
The data
10 of 21 resale sales (47.6%).
8.1.9 Has a view
In simple terms
The MLS says the home looks over something: a greenbelt or park, trees, golf course, hill country, water and similar.
Statistically
View = the View field holds any entry other than “None”, “Neighborhood” or “See Remarks”. No view = only “None” and/or “Neighborhood”. A record whose only entry is “See Remarks” cannot be classified and is left out of the view slice.
The data
4 sales with a view, 16 without, 1 unclassified. Most common View entries: None 11, Neighborhood 7, Pool 2, Park/Greenbelt 2, Trees/Woods 1.
8.2 Methods
8.2.1 Data source
In simple terms
Every figure comes from the Austin Board of REALTORS® MLS, read live by ALEX. No figure is estimated or typed in.
Statistically
Bridge Interactive RESO Web API (OData), ABOR dataset, every field returned. Filter: StandardStatus = Closed, PropertyType = Residential, City = Round Rock, SubdivisionName contains any of “vista oaks”, “vista oaks rev” (case-insensitive). A record is kept when its subdivision name belongs to the Vista Oaks Sec 3 B family, the same rule comparable sales use (it includes Vista Oaks Rev 1A, proven adjacent and priced alike).
The data
Pulled October 26, 2026: 21 closed Vista Oaks Sec 3 B records over the prior year, in ZIP 78681. 12 subdivision spellings kept: Vista Oaks Rev 1A (5); Vista Oaks Sec 3 B (3); Vista Oaks (3); Vista Oaks Sec 6B (2); Vista Oaks Sec 6A (1); Vista Oaks Sec 5B (1); Vista Oaks Sec 3A (1); Vista Oaks Sec 2b (1); Vista Oaks Sec 4B (1); Vista Oaks Sec 5C (1); Vista Oaks Sec 2B (1); Vista Oaks Sec 2a (1). No other names were found by the search.
8.2.2 Study window
In simple terms
The most recent 365 days of closed sales: recent enough to describe today's market, long enough to give each group plenty of sales. The usual window is 180 days; it holds only 13 resale sales here (under 80), so the full year is used.
Statistically
CloseDate from October 26, 2025 to October 25, 2026 inclusive.
The data
21 single-family sales in the window: 21 resale, 0 new construction.
8.2.3 Resale and new construction
In simple terms
A resale home was previously owned. New construction is sold by the builder and behaves differently, so it is kept out of every analysis and reported once on its own.
Statistically
New construction = NewConstructionYN true, or PropertyCondition contains “New Construction” or “Under Construction”. Everything else is resale.
The data
21 resale; 0 new construction.
8.2.4 Sales left out
In simple terms
A few records cannot be used as entered and are left out before any analysis.
Statistically
Excluded: PropertySubType other than Single Family Residence; no OriginalListPrice; LivingArea under 400 SF; seller payments above 10% of ClosePrice (treated as entry errors).
The data
None in this window.
8.2.5 Quartiles and groups
In simple terms
Sales lined up from lowest to highest and cut into four groups of about equal size. Each group is named by its range, for example “Under $416K”.
Statistically
Sort by the slicing variable; cut k sits at round(nk/4), k = 1…3. A cut that would split tied values moves to the nearer edge of the tie. A group under 3 sales merges into its smaller neighbor. Range names use the next group's lowest value (“Under”) and the previous group's highest value (“Over”/“After”).
The data
Quartiles by net sale price: Under $416K: $365,000–$412,000 (5 sales); $416K–$448K: $416,250–$447,500 (5 sales); $470K–$570K: $470,000–$570,000 (6 sales); Over $570K: $571,500–$742,750 (5 sales) Quartiles by living area: Under 1,887 SF: 1,788–1,862 SF (5 sales); 1,887–2,175 SF: 1,887–2,175 SF (5 sales); 2,217–2,592 SF: 2,217–2,592 SF (6 sales); Over 2,592 SF: 3,130–4,139 SF (5 sales) Quartiles by year built: Before 1994: 1992–1993 (5 sales); 1994–1995: 1994–1995 (4 sales); 1996–1998: 1996–1998 (6 sales); After 1998: 1999–2001 (6 sales) View and no view: View: MLS lists a view (4 sales); No view: None or Neighborhood (16 sales)
8.2.6 Average and median
In simple terms
The average adds the values and divides by how many; one very expensive home can pull it up. The median is the middle value, with half above and half below.
Statistically
Mean x̄ = (1/n) Σ xᵢ; median = 50th percentile. Price, price per SF, living area and discount use the mean; days on market and year built use the median (skewed or whole-year values).
The data
Net sale price: average $488,750, median $470,000. Days on market: average 44, median 13: the average is pulled up by a few long listings.
8.2.7 Kruskal–Wallis test
In simple terms
Checks whether a measure really differs across the four groups of a slice. It uses each sale's rank, not its value, so a few extreme sales cannot drive the answer.
Statistically
H = [12/(n(n+1))] Σ Rⱼ²/nⱼ − 3(n+1), compared with χ² on k − 1 degrees of freedom (Kruskal & Wallis, 1952). Effect size ε² = H/(n − 1): ≥ .01 small, ≥ .06 medium, ≥ .14 large (Tomczak & Tomczak, 2014). A slice is tested only when every group has at least 5 sales; smaller groups are described, not tested.
The data
Run on every measure in sections 3–5; each result is in 8.3.
8.2.8 Mann–Whitney U test
In simple terms
The same check when there are only two groups: view against no view.
Statistically
Two-sided U test (Mann & Whitney, 1947). Effect size = rank-biserial correlation |1 − 2U/(n₁n₂)|: ≥ .10 small, ≥ .30 medium, ≥ .50 large (Kerby, 2014; Cohen, 1988).
The data
Run on every measure in section 6; results in 8.3.
8.2.9 Chi-square test
In simple terms
Checks whether a yes/no share (price cut, seller payment, view) differs between groups more than chance would.
Statistically
Pearson χ² on the 2 × k table of counts, no continuity correction (Pearson, 1900). Effect size Cramér's V = √(χ²/n): ≥ .10 small, ≥ .30 medium, ≥ .50 large (Cramér, 1946).
The data
Run on the three shares in every slice; results in 8.3.
8.2.10 Real difference (significance)
In simple terms
“Real difference” means a gap this large would be very unlikely if the groups were really alike. Because many measures are checked in each slice, the bar is set higher than usual.
Statistically
Significant when p < 0.05 ÷ m, where m is the number of measures tested in that slice (Bonferroni; Dunn, 1961). The slicing variable itself differs by design and is not tested.
The data
Quartiles by net sale price: m = 8, threshold p < 0.0063; Quartiles by living area: m = 8, threshold p < 0.0063
8.2.11 Size of a difference
In simple terms
A difference can be real but small. The size word (small, medium, large) says how much the groups pull apart.
Statistically
ε² for Kruskal–Wallis, rank-biserial r for Mann–Whitney, Cramér's V for chi-square, with the thresholds above; below the small threshold the size is “negligible”.
The data
2 real differences across the four slices; sizes are listed in 8.3.
8.2.12 Rounding in the text
In simple terms
Headings and sentences round figures so they read easily; the tables at the end of each section give them in full.
Statistically
Prices in headings round to the nearest $1K; price per SF and days on market to the nearest whole number; living area to the nearest 10 SF; shares and percentage gaps to whole percents.
The data
Days on market is always shown in days.
8.3 Test results
Every test behind every gold box. Statistic, degrees of freedom (df), p-value, the threshold it must beat, and the size of the difference.
8.3.1 Quartiles by net sale price
Measure
Test
Statistic
df
p-value
Threshold
Real difference?
Effect size
Size
Net price per SF
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 2.15
3
0.5419
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.107
medium
Living area
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 13.72
3
0.0033
p < 0.0063
Yes
ε² = 0.686
large
Year built
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 2.44
3
0.4864
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.122
medium
Days on market
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 2.89
3
0.4083
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.145
large
Discount from original list
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 2.93
3
0.4026
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.146
large
Price cut before sale
Chi-square
χ² = 1.24
3
0.7442
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.243
small
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
Chi-square
χ² = 1.22
3
0.7478
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.241
small
Has a view
Chi-square
χ² = 2.62
3
0.4531
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.354
medium
8.3.2 Quartiles by living area
Measure
Test
Statistic
df
p-value
Threshold
Real difference?
Effect size
Size
Net sale price
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 12.52
3
0.0058
p < 0.0063
Yes
ε² = 0.626
large
Net price per SF
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 10.92
3
0.0122
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.546
large
Year built
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 7.07
3
0.0696
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.354
large
Days on market
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 5.94
3
0.1145
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.297
large
Discount from original list
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 3.33
3
0.3439
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.166
large
Price cut before sale
Chi-square
χ² = 4.67
3
0.1979
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.471
medium
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
Chi-square
χ² = 1.22
3
0.7478
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.241
small
Has a view
Chi-square
χ² = 2.62
3
0.4531
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.354
medium
8.3.3 Quartiles by year built
Too few sales in a group to test.
8.3.4 View and no view
Too few sales in a group to test.
8.4 Data notes
Left out of the analysis: 0 new-construction sales (basic statistics only, section 7); nothing else. Statistics: Python, NumPy 2.5.3, SciPy 1.18.1.
8.5 References
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Erlbaum.
Cramér, H. (1946). Mathematical Methods of Statistics. Princeton University Press.
Dunn, O. J. (1961). Multiple comparisons among means. JASA, 56(293), 52–64.
Kerby, D. S. (2014). The simple difference formula: an approach to teaching nonparametric correlation. Comprehensive Psychology, 3, 11.IT.3.1.
Kruskal, W. H., & Wallis, W. A. (1952). Use of ranks in one-criterion variance analysis. JASA, 47(260), 583–621.
Mann, H. B., & Whitney, D. R. (1947). On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 18(1), 50–60.
Pearson, K. (1900). On the criterion that a given system of deviations… Philosophical Magazine, 50(302), 157–175.
Tomczak, M., & Tomczak, E. (2014). The need to report effect size estimates revisited. Trends in Sport Sciences, 21(1), 19–25.