MARKET STUDY All analysis covers resale homes only. New construction appears once, in its own section. Click any dot on the map for that sale.
Resale sales, 365 days
62
single-family resale homes
Median net sale price
$472,170
average $489,315
Median net price per SF
$183
average $182
Median days on market
50 days
average 79 days
1. SummaryResale homes · 62 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
This study looks at the 62 resale homes sold in Avalon in the 365 days to October 25, 2026. A full year is used because only 35 resale homes sold in the last 180 days. New construction is left out and shown on its own in section 7. The homes are compared four ways: by price, by living area, by year built and with or without a view. The first three are split into four equal groups (quartiles), each named by its range.
Each comparison has its own section (3–6) with everything about it in one place: the key differences, a table of every measure at a glance, the charts and the numbers.
2. Where the resale homes sold62 resale homes · colored by price range
Each dot is one resale home, colored by its price range. Use the buttons to show one price range at a time. Click a dot for that sale: address, close date, original and last list price, net sale price, living area, net sale per SF and days on market. Scroll or pinch to zoom.
3. Quartiles by net sale priceResale homes · 62 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Sales ranked by net sale price and cut into four equal groups. This is the usual way to read a market by price.
Bottom line
Homes over $540K are about 1,060 SF (46%) larger than homes under $411K.
Homes over $540K are about 2 years newer than homes under $411K.
3.1 Key differences
The top group against the bottom group. Only real differences are listed. Section 8 explains each measure.
Under $411K$411K–$460K$484K–$540KOver $540K
Higher-priced homes Over $540K
Are much larger.
Tend to be newer.
Lower-priced homes Under $411K
Are much smaller.
Tend to be older.
3.2 At a glance
Shaded rows are real differences; the darkest cell is the highest. Gray rows show no clear difference. Prices are averages; days on market and year built are medians.
Under $411K
$411K–$460K
$484K–$540K
Over $540K
Real difference?
Net price per SF
$167 per SF
$177 per SF
$197 per SF
$189 per SF
unclear
Living area
2,304 SFSmallest
2,478 SF
2,724 SF
3,360 SFLargest
✓ large
Year built
2014Oldest
2015
2016
2017Newest
✓ large
Days on market
88 days
48 days
60 days
46 days
unclear
Discount from original list
8.6%
5.5%
7.0%
4.1%
unclear
Price cut before sale
75%
47%
47%
44%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
69%
53%
80%
62%
unclear
Has a view
25%
7%
7%
44%
unclear
How to read this section. Each heading gives the finding. The gold box says whether the gap is real (✓, with its size) or could be chance (–). The section ends with its numbers; the tests are in section 8.3.
3.3 Net price per SF: no clear difference
The average is $189 per SF for homes over $540K and $167 per SF for homes under $411K. It does not move in a straight line; homes $484K–$540K are highest. Defined in 8.1.2.
– No clear difference · could be chance
3.4 Homes over $540K are about 1,060 SF (46%) larger than homes under $411K
The average is 3,360 SF for homes over $540K and 2,304 SF for homes under $411K. It rises step by step from the lowest range to the highest. Defined in 8.1.3.
✓ Real difference · large
3.5 Homes over $540K are about 2 years newer than homes under $411K
The median is 2017 for homes over $540K and 2014 for homes under $411K. It rises step by step from the lowest range to the highest. Defined in 8.1.4.
✓ Real difference · large
3.6 Days on market: no clear difference
The median is 46 days for homes over $540K and 88 days for homes under $411K. It does not move in a straight line; homes under $411K are highest. Defined in 8.1.5.
– No clear difference · could be chance
3.7 Discount from original list: no clear difference
The average is 4.1% for homes over $540K and 8.6% for homes under $411K. It does not move in a straight line; homes under $411K are highest. Defined in 8.1.6.
– No clear difference · could be chance
3.8 How often: price cut before sale, seller paid closing costs or repairs, has a view
Each bar is the share of homes in the group, in percent.
44% of homes over $540K had a price cut before sale, against 75% of homes under $411K. Defined in 8.1.7.
62% of homes over $540K had the seller pay closing costs or repairs, against 69% of homes under $411K. Defined in 8.1.8.
44% of homes over $540K have a view, against 25% of homes under $411K. Defined in 8.1.9.
Price cut before sale: – No clear difference · could be chance
Seller paid closing costs or repairs: – No clear difference · could be chance
Has a view: – No clear difference · could be chance
3.9 The numbers: price and size
Under $411K16 sales
$411K–$460K15 sales
$484K–$540K15 sales
Over $540K16 sales
All62 sales
Real difference?
Net sale price average
$376,567
$432,729
$516,348
$629,769
$489,315
by design
Net price per SF average
$167
$177
$197
$189
$182
unclear
Living area average
2,304
2,478
2,724
3,360
2,720
✓ large
Year built median
2014
2015
2016
2017
2016
✓ large
3.10 The numbers: selling
Under $411K16 sales
$411K–$460K15 sales
$484K–$540K15 sales
Over $540K16 sales
All62 sales
Real difference?
Days on market median
88
48
60
46
50
unclear
Discount from original list average
8.6%
5.5%
7.0%
4.1%
6.3%
unclear
Price cut before sale
75%
47%
47%
44%
53%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
69%
53%
80%
62%
66%
unclear
Has a view
25%
7%
7%
44%
21%
unclear
Prices, price per SF, living area and discount are averages; days on market and year built are medians. The test behind each verdict is in 8.3.1.
4. Quartiles by living areaResale homes · 62 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Sales ranked by living area and cut into four equal groups, from the smallest homes to the largest.
Bottom line
Homes over 2,984 SF sell for about $177K (42%) more than homes under 2,254 SF.
Homes over 2,984 SF sell for about $37 per SF (18%) less than homes under 2,254 SF.
4.1 Key differences
The top group against the bottom group. Only real differences are listed. Section 8 explains each measure.
Under 2,254 SF2,254–2,695 SF2,706–2,984 SFOver 2,984 SF
Larger homes Over 2,984 SF
Sell for much more.
Sell for less per square foot.
Smaller homes Under 2,254 SF
Sell for much less.
Sell for more per square foot.
4.2 At a glance
Shaded rows are real differences; the darkest cell is the highest. Gray rows show no clear difference. Prices are averages; days on market and year built are medians.
Under 2,254 SF
2,254–2,695 SF
2,706–2,984 SF
Over 2,984 SF
Real difference?
Net sale price
$418KLowest
$447K
$495K
$595KHighest
✓ large
Net price per SF
$206 per SFHighest
$180 per SF
$173 per SF
$170 per SFLowest
✓ large
Year built
2015
2015
2016
2016
unclear
Days on market
40 days
63 days
47 days
50 days
unclear
Discount from original list
5.6%
7.5%
7.4%
4.7%
unclear
Price cut before sale
50%
67%
53%
44%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
75%
53%
53%
81%
unclear
Has a view
6%
7%
27%
44%
unclear
4.3 Homes over 2,984 SF sell for about $177K (42%) more than homes under 2,254 SF
The average is $595K for homes over 2,984 SF and $418K for homes under 2,254 SF. It rises step by step from the lowest range to the highest. Defined in 8.1.1.
✓ Real difference · large
4.4 Homes over 2,984 SF sell for about $37 per SF (18%) less than homes under 2,254 SF
The average is $170 per SF for homes over 2,984 SF and $206 per SF for homes under 2,254 SF. It falls step by step from the lowest range to the highest. Defined in 8.1.2.
✓ Real difference · large
4.5 Year built: no clear difference
The median is 2016 for homes over 2,984 SF and 2015 for homes under 2,254 SF. It rises step by step from the lowest range to the highest. Defined in 8.1.4.
– No clear difference · could be chance
4.6 Days on market: no clear difference
The median is 50 days for homes over 2,984 SF and 40 days for homes under 2,254 SF. It does not move in a straight line; homes 2,254–2,695 SF are highest. Defined in 8.1.5.
– No clear difference · could be chance
4.7 Discount from original list: no clear difference
The average is 4.7% for homes over 2,984 SF and 5.6% for homes under 2,254 SF. It does not move in a straight line; homes 2,254–2,695 SF are highest. Defined in 8.1.6.
– No clear difference · could be chance
4.8 How often: price cut before sale, seller paid closing costs or repairs, has a view
Each bar is the share of homes in the group, in percent.
44% of homes over 2,984 SF had a price cut before sale, against 50% of homes under 2,254 SF. Defined in 8.1.7.
81% of homes over 2,984 SF had the seller pay closing costs or repairs, against 75% of homes under 2,254 SF. Defined in 8.1.8.
44% of homes over 2,984 SF have a view, against 6% of homes under 2,254 SF. Defined in 8.1.9.
Price cut before sale: – No clear difference · could be chance
Seller paid closing costs or repairs: – No clear difference · could be chance
Has a view: – No clear difference · could be chance
4.9 The numbers: price and size
Under 2,254 SF16 sales
2,254–2,695 SF15 sales
2,706–2,984 SF15 sales
Over 2,984 SF16 sales
All62 sales
Real difference?
Net sale price average
$417,982
$446,746
$494,819
$595,397
$489,315
✓ large
Net price per SF average
$206
$180
$173
$170
$182
✓ large
Living area average
2,023
2,484
2,856
3,511
2,720
by design
Year built median
2015
2015
2016
2016
2016
unclear
4.10 The numbers: selling
Under 2,254 SF16 sales
2,254–2,695 SF15 sales
2,706–2,984 SF15 sales
Over 2,984 SF16 sales
All62 sales
Real difference?
Days on market median
40
63
47
50
50
unclear
Discount from original list average
5.6%
7.5%
7.4%
4.7%
6.3%
unclear
Price cut before sale
50%
67%
53%
44%
53%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
75%
53%
53%
81%
66%
unclear
Has a view
6%
7%
27%
44%
21%
unclear
Prices, price per SF, living area and discount are averages; days on market and year built are medians. The test behind each verdict is in 8.3.2.
5. Quartiles by year builtResale homes · 62 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Sales ranked by year built and cut into four groups, from the oldest to the newest. Homes built in the same year always stay in the same group, so group sizes can differ a little.
Bottom line
Homes built after 2017 are about 300 SF (11%) larger than homes built before 2013.
Homes built after 2017 sell for about $111K (24%) more than homes built before 2013.
5.1 Key differences
The top group against the bottom group. Only real differences are listed. Section 8 explains each measure.
Before 20132013–20152016–2017After 2017
Newer homes After 2017
Are much larger.
Sell for much more.
Older homes Before 2013
Are much smaller.
Sell for much less.
5.2 At a glance
Shaded rows are real differences; the darkest cell is the highest. Gray rows show no clear difference. Prices are averages; days on market and year built are medians.
Before 2013
2013–2015
2016–2017
After 2017
Real difference?
Net sale price
$454K
$433KLowest
$510K
$565KHighest
✓ large
Net price per SF
$165 per SF
$192 per SF
$190 per SF
$182 per SF
unclear
Living area
2,818 SF
2,288 SFSmallest
2,705 SF
3,119 SFLargest
✓ large
Days on market
51 days
52 days
44 days
48 days
unclear
Discount from original list
6.8%
5.9%
5.4%
7.8%
unclear
Price cut before sale
56%
69%
41%
55%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
81%
69%
50%
73%
unclear
Has a view
31%
15%
18%
18%
unclear
5.3 Homes built after 2017 sell for about $111K (24%) more than homes built before 2013
The average is $565K for homes built after 2017 and $454K for homes built before 2013. It does not move in a straight line; homes built after 2017 are highest. Defined in 8.1.1.
✓ Real difference · large
5.4 Net price per SF: no clear difference
The average is $182 per SF for homes built after 2017 and $165 per SF for homes built before 2013. It does not move in a straight line; homes built 2013–2015 are highest. Defined in 8.1.2.
– No clear difference · could be chance
5.5 Homes built after 2017 are about 300 SF (11%) larger than homes built before 2013
The average is 3,119 SF for homes built after 2017 and 2,818 SF for homes built before 2013. It does not move in a straight line; homes built after 2017 are highest. Defined in 8.1.3.
✓ Real difference · large
5.6 Days on market: no clear difference
The median is 48 days for homes built after 2017 and 51 days for homes built before 2013. It does not move in a straight line; homes built 2013–2015 are highest. Defined in 8.1.5.
– No clear difference · could be chance
5.7 Discount from original list: no clear difference
The average is 7.8% for homes built after 2017 and 6.8% for homes built before 2013. It does not move in a straight line; homes built after 2017 are highest. Defined in 8.1.6.
– No clear difference · could be chance
5.8 How often: price cut before sale, seller paid closing costs or repairs, has a view
Each bar is the share of homes in the group, in percent.
55% of homes built after 2017 had a price cut before sale, against 56% of homes built before 2013. Defined in 8.1.7.
73% of homes built after 2017 had the seller pay closing costs or repairs, against 81% of homes built before 2013. Defined in 8.1.8.
18% of homes built after 2017 have a view, against 31% of homes built before 2013. Defined in 8.1.9.
Price cut before sale: – No clear difference · could be chance
Seller paid closing costs or repairs: – No clear difference · could be chance
Has a view: – No clear difference · could be chance
5.9 The numbers: price and size
Before 201316 sales
2013–201513 sales
2016–201722 sales
After 201711 sales
All62 sales
Real difference?
Net sale price average
$453,930
$433,423
$510,466
$564,536
$489,315
✓ large
Net price per SF average
$165
$192
$190
$182
$182
unclear
Living area average
2,818
2,288
2,705
3,119
2,720
✓ large
Year built median
2008
2015
2017
2018
2016
by design
5.10 The numbers: selling
Before 201316 sales
2013–201513 sales
2016–201722 sales
After 201711 sales
All62 sales
Real difference?
Days on market median
51
52
44
48
50
unclear
Discount from original list average
6.8%
5.9%
5.4%
7.8%
6.3%
unclear
Price cut before sale
56%
69%
41%
55%
53%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
81%
69%
50%
73%
66%
unclear
Has a view
31%
15%
18%
18%
21%
unclear
Prices, price per SF, living area and discount are averages; days on market and year built are medians. The test behind each verdict is in 8.3.3.
6. View and no viewResale homes · 62 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Sales where the MLS lists a view (greenbelt or park, trees, golf course, hill country, water and similar) against those listing none or only the neighborhood.
Bottom line
Homes with a view are about 590 SF (23%) larger than homes without a view.
6.1 Key differences
The top group against the bottom group. Only real differences are listed. Section 8 explains each measure.
ViewNo view
Homes with a view MLS lists a view
Are much larger.
Homes without a view no view listed
Are much smaller.
6.2 At a glance
Shaded rows are real differences; the darkest cell is the highest. Gray rows show no clear difference. Prices are averages; days on market and year built are medians.
View
No view
Real difference?
Net sale price
$559K
$471K
unclear
Net price per SF
$175 per SF
$184 per SF
unclear
Living area
3,189 SFLargest
2,596 SFSmallest
✓ large
Year built
2015
2016
unclear
Days on market
39 days
54 days
unclear
Discount from original list
4.2%
6.9%
unclear
Price cut before sale
54%
53%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
77%
63%
unclear
6.3 Net sale price: no clear difference
The average is $559K for homes with a view and $471K for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.1.
– No clear difference · could be chance
6.4 Net price per SF: no clear difference
The average is $175 per SF for homes with a view and $184 per SF for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.2.
– No clear difference · could be chance
6.5 Homes with a view are about 590 SF (23%) larger than homes without a view
The average is 3,189 SF for homes with a view and 2,596 SF for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.3.
✓ Real difference · large
6.6 Year built: no clear difference
The median is 2015 for homes with a view and 2016 for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.4.
– No clear difference · could be chance
6.7 Days on market: no clear difference
The median is 39 days for homes with a view and 54 days for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.5.
– No clear difference · could be chance
6.8 Discount from original list: no clear difference
The average is 4.2% for homes with a view and 6.9% for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.6.
– No clear difference · could be chance
6.9 How often: price cut before sale, seller paid closing costs or repairs
Each bar is the share of homes in the group, in percent.
54% of homes with a view had a price cut before sale, against 53% of homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.7.
77% of homes with a view had the seller pay closing costs or repairs, against 63% of homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.8.
Price cut before sale: – No clear difference · could be chance
Seller paid closing costs or repairs: – No clear difference · could be chance
6.10 The numbers: price and size
View13 sales
No view49 sales
All62 sales
Real difference?
Net sale price average
$558,871
$470,861
$489,315
unclear
Net price per SF average
$175
$184
$182
unclear
Living area average
3,189
2,596
2,720
✓ large
Year built median
2015
2016
2016
unclear
6.11 The numbers: selling
View13 sales
No view49 sales
All62 sales
Real difference?
Days on market median
39
54
50
unclear
Discount from original list average
4.2%
6.9%
6.3%
unclear
Price cut before sale
54%
53%
53%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
77%
63%
66%
unclear
Prices, price per SF, living area and discount are averages; days on market and year built are medians. The test behind each verdict is in 8.3.4.
7. New constructionBasic statistics · 0 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Homes sold new by the builder in the same 365 days. They are left out of every other section and shown here as basic figures only: 0 sales, no groups, no tests.
Note: these are only the new-construction sales reported in ABOR MLS. Builders often sell homes without listing them in the MLS, so these figures do not necessarily represent all new-construction sales in Avalon.
No new-construction sales were reported in ABOR MLS in this window.
Same definitions as the rest of the study (section 8). New construction = NewConstructionYN true, or PropertyCondition “New Construction” or “Under Construction”.
8. AppendixMeasures, methods and tests
Each measure and method three ways: in plain words, as statistics, and with the data from this study.
8.1 Measures
8.1.1 Net sale price
In simple terms
What the seller actually kept: the closing price, less money the seller gave back to the buyer for closing costs or repairs. It is the truest price for comparing homes.
Statistically
Net = ClosePrice − ACTRIS_BuyersClsgCostPdbySell − ACTRIS_RepairsAmount (a blank counts as $0). Summarized by the arithmetic mean in the slices.
The data
62 resale sales. Average $489,315; median $472,170; standard deviation $104,445; middle half (25th–75th percentile) $410,262–$543,750; lowest $332,000, highest $742,200. 41 sales had a seller payment; their median payment was $6,500.
8.1.2 Net price per SF
In simple terms
Net sale price divided by the heated and cooled square feet. It puts homes of different sizes on the same footing: did buyers pay more for each square foot, not just for more square feet?
Statistically
psf = Net ÷ LivingArea, per sale; summarized by the mean of the per-sale ratios.
The data
62 resale sales. Average $182; median $183; standard deviation $29; middle half (25th–75th percentile) $164–$199; lowest $125, highest $256.
8.1.3 Living area
In simple terms
The heated and cooled space, as listed in the MLS. Garages and porches are not counted.
Statistically
RESO LivingArea, in square feet. Sales under 400 SF are treated as entry errors and left out.
The data
62 resale sales. Average 2,720; median 2,700; standard deviation 593; middle half (25th–75th percentile) 2,190–3,008; lowest 1,670, highest 4,072.
8.1.4 Year built
In simple terms
The year the home was finished, as listed in the MLS. It shows whether a group leans to older or newer phases of the community.
Statistically
RESO YearBuilt; summarized by the median, with the 25th–75th percentile (middle half) on the charts.
The data
62 resale sales. Average 2014; median 2016; standard deviation 4; middle half (25th–75th percentile) 2012–2017; lowest 2007, highest 2019.
8.1.5 Days on market
In simple terms
How many days the home was on the market before the buyer's offer was accepted, counting any earlier listing periods (relists). This is the days on market agents and clients quote.
Statistically
CDOM = max(CumulativeDaysOnMarket, DaysOnMarket, PurchaseContractDate − ListingContractDate). The MLS counter can freeze at a price change, so the contract-date gap is a floor. Summarized by the median, because a few homes that sat for months pull an average up.
The data
62 resale sales. Average 79; median 50; standard deviation 93; middle half (25th–75th percentile) 17–97; lowest 3, highest 477. 0 sales went under contract on their listing date (0 days).
8.1.6 Discount from original list
In simple terms
How far below the first asking price the home sold, after seller payments. It measures how much negotiating room sellers gave up. A negative figure means the home sold above its first asking price.
Statistically
Discount % = (OriginalListPrice − Net) ÷ OriginalListPrice × 100, per sale; summarized by the mean.
The data
62 resale sales. Average 6.3%; median 5.5%; standard deviation 6.0%; middle half (25th–75th percentile) 1.5%–8.4%; lowest −5.1%, highest 23.3%. 5 sales closed above their first asking price.
8.1.7 Price cut before sale
In simple terms
The asking price was lowered at least once before the home went under contract.
Statistically
Indicator: ListPrice at close < OriginalListPrice. Reported as the share of sales (%).
The data
33 of 62 resale sales (53.2%).
8.1.8 Seller paid closing costs or repairs
In simple terms
The seller paid some of the buyer's closing costs or repairs.
Statistically
Indicator: ACTRIS_BuyersClsgCostPdbySell + ACTRIS_RepairsAmount > 0. Reported as the share of sales (%).
The data
41 of 62 resale sales (66.1%).
8.1.9 Has a view
In simple terms
The MLS says the home looks over something: a greenbelt or park, trees, golf course, hill country, water and similar.
Statistically
View = the View field holds any entry other than “None”, “Neighborhood” or “See Remarks”. No view = only “None” and/or “Neighborhood”. A record whose only entry is “See Remarks” cannot be classified and is left out of the view slice.
The data
13 sales with a view, 49 without, 0 unclassified. Most common View entries: None 38, Neighborhood 15, Park/Greenbelt 6, Pool 4, City 3, Garden 2, Trees/Woods 1, Golf Course 1.
8.2 Methods
8.2.1 Data source
In simple terms
Every figure comes from the Austin Board of REALTORS® MLS, read live by ALEX. No figure is estimated or typed in.
Statistically
Bridge Interactive RESO Web API (OData), ABOR dataset, every field returned. Filter: StandardStatus = Closed, PropertyType = Residential, City = Pflugerville, SubdivisionName contains any of “avalon” (case-insensitive). A record is kept when its subdivision name belongs to the Avalon family, the same rule comparable sales use.
The data
Pulled October 26, 2026: 62 closed Avalon records over the prior year, in ZIP 78660. 28 subdivision spellings kept, the most common: Avalon (14); Avalon Ph 03 (6); Avalon Ph 02 (4); Avalon Ph 14 (3); Avalon Ph 5C (3); Avalon Ph 01 (3); Avalon Ph 12A (3); Avalon Ph 8a (2); Avalon Ph 16A (2); Avalon Ph 5A (2); Avalon Ph 10 (2); Avalon Ph 5B (2); and 16 more (16 records). No other names were found by the search.
8.2.2 Study window
In simple terms
The most recent 365 days of closed sales: recent enough to describe today's market, long enough to give each group plenty of sales. The usual window is 180 days; it holds only 35 resale sales here (under 80), so the full year is used.
Statistically
CloseDate from October 26, 2025 to October 25, 2026 inclusive.
The data
62 single-family sales in the window: 62 resale, 0 new construction.
8.2.3 Resale and new construction
In simple terms
A resale home was previously owned. New construction is sold by the builder and behaves differently, so it is kept out of every analysis and reported once on its own.
Statistically
New construction = NewConstructionYN true, or PropertyCondition contains “New Construction” or “Under Construction”. Everything else is resale.
The data
62 resale; 0 new construction.
8.2.4 Sales left out
In simple terms
A few records cannot be used as entered and are left out before any analysis.
Statistically
Excluded: PropertySubType other than Single Family Residence; no OriginalListPrice; LivingArea under 400 SF; seller payments above 10% of ClosePrice (treated as entry errors).
The data
None in this window.
8.2.5 Quartiles and groups
In simple terms
Sales lined up from lowest to highest and cut into four groups of about equal size. Each group is named by its range, for example “Under $411K”.
Statistically
Sort by the slicing variable; cut k sits at round(nk/4), k = 1…3. A cut that would split tied values moves to the nearer edge of the tie. A group under 3 sales merges into its smaller neighbor. Range names use the next group's lowest value (“Under”) and the previous group's highest value (“Over”/“After”).
The data
Quartiles by net sale price: Under $411K: $332,000–$410,000 (16 sales); $411K–$460K: $411,050–$460,000 (15 sales); $484K–$540K: $484,340–$540,000 (15 sales); Over $540K: $545,000–$742,200 (16 sales) Quartiles by living area: Under 2,254 SF: 1,670–2,168 SF (16 sales); 2,254–2,695 SF: 2,254–2,695 SF (15 sales); 2,706–2,984 SF: 2,706–2,984 SF (15 sales); Over 2,984 SF: 3,016–4,072 SF (16 sales) Quartiles by year built: Before 2013: 2007–2012 (16 sales); 2013–2015: 2013–2015 (13 sales); 2016–2017: 2016–2017 (22 sales); After 2017: 2018–2019 (11 sales) View and no view: View: MLS lists a view (13 sales); No view: None or Neighborhood (49 sales)
8.2.6 Average and median
In simple terms
The average adds the values and divides by how many; one very expensive home can pull it up. The median is the middle value, with half above and half below.
Statistically
Mean x̄ = (1/n) Σ xᵢ; median = 50th percentile. Price, price per SF, living area and discount use the mean; days on market and year built use the median (skewed or whole-year values).
The data
Net sale price: average $489,315, median $472,170. Days on market: average 79, median 50: the average is pulled up by a few long listings.
8.2.7 Kruskal–Wallis test
In simple terms
Checks whether a measure really differs across the four groups of a slice. It uses each sale's rank, not its value, so a few extreme sales cannot drive the answer.
Statistically
H = [12/(n(n+1))] Σ Rⱼ²/nⱼ − 3(n+1), compared with χ² on k − 1 degrees of freedom (Kruskal & Wallis, 1952). Effect size ε² = H/(n − 1): ≥ .01 small, ≥ .06 medium, ≥ .14 large (Tomczak & Tomczak, 2014). A slice is tested only when every group has at least 5 sales; smaller groups are described, not tested.
The data
Run on every measure in sections 3–5; each result is in 8.3.
8.2.8 Mann–Whitney U test
In simple terms
The same check when there are only two groups: view against no view.
Statistically
Two-sided U test (Mann & Whitney, 1947). Effect size = rank-biserial correlation |1 − 2U/(n₁n₂)|: ≥ .10 small, ≥ .30 medium, ≥ .50 large (Kerby, 2014; Cohen, 1988).
The data
Run on every measure in section 6; results in 8.3.
8.2.9 Chi-square test
In simple terms
Checks whether a yes/no share (price cut, seller payment, view) differs between groups more than chance would.
Statistically
Pearson χ² on the 2 × k table of counts, no continuity correction (Pearson, 1900). Effect size Cramér's V = √(χ²/n): ≥ .10 small, ≥ .30 medium, ≥ .50 large (Cramér, 1946).
The data
Run on the three shares in every slice; results in 8.3.
8.2.10 Real difference (significance)
In simple terms
“Real difference” means a gap this large would be very unlikely if the groups were really alike. Because many measures are checked in each slice, the bar is set higher than usual.
Statistically
Significant when p < 0.05 ÷ m, where m is the number of measures tested in that slice (Bonferroni; Dunn, 1961). The slicing variable itself differs by design and is not tested.
The data
Quartiles by net sale price: m = 8, threshold p < 0.0063; Quartiles by living area: m = 8, threshold p < 0.0063; Quartiles by year built: m = 8, threshold p < 0.0063; View and no view: m = 8, threshold p < 0.0063
8.2.11 Size of a difference
In simple terms
A difference can be real but small. The size word (small, medium, large) says how much the groups pull apart.
Statistically
ε² for Kruskal–Wallis, rank-biserial r for Mann–Whitney, Cramér's V for chi-square, with the thresholds above; below the small threshold the size is “negligible”.
The data
7 real differences across the four slices; sizes are listed in 8.3.
8.2.12 Rounding in the text
In simple terms
Headings and sentences round figures so they read easily; the tables at the end of each section give them in full.
Statistically
Prices in headings round to the nearest $1K; price per SF and days on market to the nearest whole number; living area to the nearest 10 SF; shares and percentage gaps to whole percents.
The data
Days on market is always shown in days.
8.3 Test results
Every test behind every gold box. Statistic, degrees of freedom (df), p-value, the threshold it must beat, and the size of the difference.
8.3.1 Quartiles by net sale price
Measure
Test
Statistic
df
p-value
Threshold
Real difference?
Effect size
Size
Net price per SF
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 7.77
3
0.0511
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.127
medium
Living area
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 28.92
3
< 0.0001
p < 0.0063
Yes
ε² = 0.474
large
Year built
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 16.04
3
0.0011
p < 0.0063
Yes
ε² = 0.263
large
Days on market
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 4.28
3
0.2327
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.070
medium
Discount from original list
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 4.86
3
0.1826
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.080
medium
Price cut before sale
Chi-square
χ² = 4.14
3
0.2465
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.258
small
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
Chi-square
χ² = 2.53
3
0.4702
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.202
small
Has a view
Chi-square
χ² = 8.87
3
0.0311
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.378
medium
8.3.2 Quartiles by living area
Measure
Test
Statistic
df
p-value
Threshold
Real difference?
Effect size
Size
Net sale price
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 24.89
3
< 0.0001
p < 0.0063
Yes
ε² = 0.408
large
Net price per SF
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 13.48
3
0.0037
p < 0.0063
Yes
ε² = 0.221
large
Year built
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 3.14
3
0.3702
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.052
small
Days on market
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 3.29
3
0.3486
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.054
small
Discount from original list
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 2.08
3
0.5562
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.034
small
Price cut before sale
Chi-square
χ² = 1.73
3
0.6297
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.167
small
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
Chi-square
χ² = 4.39
3
0.2225
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.266
small
Has a view
Chi-square
χ² = 9.25
3
0.0262
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.386
medium
8.3.3 Quartiles by year built
Measure
Test
Statistic
df
p-value
Threshold
Real difference?
Effect size
Size
Net sale price
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 12.76
3
0.0052
p < 0.0063
Yes
ε² = 0.209
large
Net price per SF
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 8.33
3
0.0397
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.137
medium
Living area
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 13.79
3
0.0032
p < 0.0063
Yes
ε² = 0.226
large
Days on market
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 0.52
3
0.9143
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.009
negligible
Discount from original list
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 1.91
3
0.5917
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.031
small
Price cut before sale
Chi-square
χ² = 2.74
3
0.4327
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.210
small
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
Chi-square
χ² = 4.46
3
0.2161
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.268
small
Has a view
Chi-square
χ² = 1.42
3
0.7009
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.151
small
8.3.4 View and no view
Measure
Test
Statistic
df
p-value
Threshold
Real difference?
Effect size
Size
Net sale price
Mann–Whitney U
U = 430.00
—
0.0549
p < 0.0063
Unclear
rank-biserial r = 0.350
medium
Net price per SF
Mann–Whitney U
U = 257.00
—
0.2915
p < 0.0063
Unclear
rank-biserial r = 0.193
small
Living area
Mann–Whitney U
U = 491.50
—
0.0029
p < 0.0063
Yes
rank-biserial r = 0.543
large
Year built
Mann–Whitney U
U = 281.00
—
0.5184
p < 0.0063
Unclear
rank-biserial r = 0.118
small
Days on market
Mann–Whitney U
U = 232.50
—
0.1392
p < 0.0063
Unclear
rank-biserial r = 0.270
small
Discount from original list
Mann–Whitney U
U = 252.50
—
0.2572
p < 0.0063
Unclear
rank-biserial r = 0.207
small
Price cut before sale
Chi-square
χ² = 0.00
1
0.9598
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.006
negligible
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
Chi-square
χ² = 0.86
1
0.3550
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.117
small
8.4 Data notes
Left out of the analysis: 0 new-construction sales (basic statistics only, section 7); nothing else. Statistics: Python, NumPy 2.5.3, SciPy 1.18.1.
8.5 References
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Erlbaum.
Cramér, H. (1946). Mathematical Methods of Statistics. Princeton University Press.
Dunn, O. J. (1961). Multiple comparisons among means. JASA, 56(293), 52–64.
Kerby, D. S. (2014). The simple difference formula: an approach to teaching nonparametric correlation. Comprehensive Psychology, 3, 11.IT.3.1.
Kruskal, W. H., & Wallis, W. A. (1952). Use of ranks in one-criterion variance analysis. JASA, 47(260), 583–621.
Mann, H. B., & Whitney, D. R. (1947). On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 18(1), 50–60.
Pearson, K. (1900). On the criterion that a given system of deviations… Philosophical Magazine, 50(302), 157–175.
Tomczak, M., & Tomczak, E. (2014). The need to report effect size estimates revisited. Trends in Sport Sciences, 21(1), 19–25.