MARKET STUDY All analysis covers resale homes only. New construction appears once, in its own section. Click any dot on the map for that sale.
Resale sales, 365 days
30
single-family resale homes
Median net sale price
$610,000
average $1,241,676
Median net price per SF
$240
average $338
Median days on market
92 days
average 145 days
1. SummaryResale homes · 30 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
This study looks at the 30 resale homes sold in Horseshoe Bay Proper in the 365 days to October 25, 2026. A full year is used because only 20 resale homes sold in the last 180 days. New construction is left out and shown on its own in section 7. The homes are compared four ways: by price, by living area, by year built and with or without a view. The first three are split into four equal groups (quartiles), each named by its range.
Each comparison has its own section (3–6) with everything about it in one place: the key differences, a table of every measure at a glance, the charts and the numbers.
2. Where the resale homes sold30 resale homes · colored by price range
Each dot is one resale home, colored by its price range. Use the buttons to show one price range at a time. Click a dot for that sale: address, close date, original and last list price, net sale price, living area, net sale per SF and days on market. Scroll or pinch to zoom.
3. Quartiles by net sale priceResale homes · 30 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Sales ranked by net sale price and cut into four equal groups. This is the usual way to read a market by price.
Bottom line
Homes over $808K sell for about $470 per SF (241%) more than homes under $515K.
Homes over $808K are about 1,940 SF (93%) larger than homes under $515K.
3.1 Key differences
The top group against the bottom group. Only real differences are listed. Section 8 explains each measure.
Under $515K$515K–$586K$634K–$808KOver $808K
Higher-priced homes Over $808K
Sell for more per square foot.
Are much larger.
Lower-priced homes Under $515K
Sell for less per square foot.
Are much smaller.
3.2 At a glance
Shaded rows are real differences; the darkest cell is the highest. Gray rows show no clear difference. Prices are averages; days on market and year built are medians.
Under $515K
$515K–$586K
$634K–$808K
Over $808K
Real difference?
Net price per SF
$195 per SFLowest
$224 per SF
$241 per SF
$665 per SFHighest
✓ large
Living area
2,077 SFSmallest
2,466 SF
3,018 SF
4,018 SFLargest
✓ large
Year built
1998
1984
1995
1990
unclear
Days on market
89 days
118 days
102 days
50 days
unclear
Discount from original list
13.1%
9.7%
9.4%
9.8%
unclear
Price cut before sale
50%
57%
43%
38%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
25%
29%
71%
50%
unclear
Has a view
75%
86%
100%
100%
unclear
How to read this section. Each heading gives the finding. The gold box says whether the gap is real (✓, with its size) or could be chance (–). The section ends with its numbers; the tests are in section 8.3.
3.3 Homes over $808K sell for about $470 per SF (241%) more than homes under $515K
The average is $665 per SF for homes over $808K and $195 per SF for homes under $515K. It rises step by step from the lowest range to the highest. Defined in 8.1.2.
✓ Real difference · large
3.4 Homes over $808K are about 1,940 SF (93%) larger than homes under $515K
The average is 4,018 SF for homes over $808K and 2,077 SF for homes under $515K. It rises step by step from the lowest range to the highest. Defined in 8.1.3.
✓ Real difference · large
3.5 Year built: no clear difference
The median is 1990 for homes over $808K and 1998 for homes under $515K. It does not move in a straight line; homes under $515K are highest. Defined in 8.1.4.
– No clear difference · could be chance
3.6 Days on market: no clear difference
The median is 50 days for homes over $808K and 89 days for homes under $515K. It does not move in a straight line; homes $515K–$586K are highest. Defined in 8.1.5.
– No clear difference · could be chance
3.7 Discount from original list: no clear difference
The average is 9.8% for homes over $808K and 13.1% for homes under $515K. It does not move in a straight line; homes under $515K are highest. Defined in 8.1.6.
– No clear difference · could be chance
3.8 How often: price cut before sale, seller paid closing costs or repairs, has a view
Each bar is the share of homes in the group, in percent.
38% of homes over $808K had a price cut before sale, against 50% of homes under $515K. Defined in 8.1.7.
50% of homes over $808K had the seller pay closing costs or repairs, against 25% of homes under $515K. Defined in 8.1.8.
100% of homes over $808K have a view, against 75% of homes under $515K. Defined in 8.1.9.
Price cut before sale: – No clear difference · could be chance
Seller paid closing costs or repairs: – No clear difference · could be chance
Has a view: – No clear difference · could be chance
3.9 The numbers: price and size
Under $515K8 sales
$515K–$586K7 sales
$634K–$808K7 sales
Over $808K8 sales
All30 sales
Real difference?
Net sale price average
$390,500
$549,857
$712,929
$3,160,846
$1,241,676
by design
Net price per SF average
$195
$224
$241
$665
$338
✓ large
Living area average
2,077
2,466
3,018
4,018
2,905
✓ large
Year built median
1998
1984
1995
1990
1991
unclear
3.10 The numbers: selling
Under $515K8 sales
$515K–$586K7 sales
$634K–$808K7 sales
Over $808K8 sales
All30 sales
Real difference?
Days on market median
89
118
102
50
92
unclear
Discount from original list average
13.1%
9.7%
9.4%
9.8%
10.6%
unclear
Price cut before sale
50%
57%
43%
38%
47%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
25%
29%
71%
50%
43%
unclear
Has a view
75%
86%
100%
100%
90%
unclear
Prices, price per SF, living area and discount are averages; days on market and year built are medians. The test behind each verdict is in 8.3.1.
4. Quartiles by living areaResale homes · 30 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Sales ranked by living area and cut into four equal groups, from the smallest homes to the largest.
Bottom line
Homes over 3,068 SF sell for about $2.54M (606%) more than homes under 2,324 SF.
4.1 Key differences
The top group against the bottom group. Only real differences are listed. Section 8 explains each measure.
Under 2,324 SF2,324–2,560 SF2,594–3,068 SFOver 3,068 SF
Larger homes Over 3,068 SF
Sell for much more.
Smaller homes Under 2,324 SF
Sell for much less.
4.2 At a glance
Shaded rows are real differences; the darkest cell is the highest. Gray rows show no clear difference. Prices are averages; days on market and year built are medians.
Under 2,324 SF
2,324–2,560 SF
2,594–3,068 SF
Over 3,068 SF
Real difference?
Net sale price
$420KLowest
$672K
$782K
$2.96MHighest
✓ large
Net price per SF
$213 per SF
$277 per SF
$277 per SF
$569 per SF
unclear
Year built
2002
1985
1993
1994
unclear
Days on market
92 days
132 days
102 days
44 days
unclear
Discount from original list
10.8%
10.3%
10.9%
10.3%
unclear
Price cut before sale
50%
57%
29%
50%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
25%
43%
71%
38%
unclear
Has a view
62%
100%
100%
100%
unclear
4.3 Homes over 3,068 SF sell for about $2.54M (606%) more than homes under 2,324 SF
The average is $2.96M for homes over 3,068 SF and $420K for homes under 2,324 SF. It rises step by step from the lowest range to the highest. Defined in 8.1.1.
✓ Real difference · large
4.4 Net price per SF: no clear difference
The average is $569 per SF for homes over 3,068 SF and $213 per SF for homes under 2,324 SF. It rises step by step from the lowest range to the highest. Defined in 8.1.2.
– No clear difference · could be chance
4.5 Year built: no clear difference
The median is 1994 for homes over 3,068 SF and 2002 for homes under 2,324 SF. It does not move in a straight line; homes under 2,324 SF are highest. Defined in 8.1.4.
– No clear difference · could be chance
4.6 Days on market: no clear difference
The median is 44 days for homes over 3,068 SF and 92 days for homes under 2,324 SF. It does not move in a straight line; homes 2,324–2,560 SF are highest. Defined in 8.1.5.
– No clear difference · could be chance
4.7 Discount from original list: no clear difference
The average is 10.3% for homes over 3,068 SF and 10.8% for homes under 2,324 SF. It does not move in a straight line; homes 2,594–3,068 SF are highest. Defined in 8.1.6.
– No clear difference · could be chance
4.8 How often: price cut before sale, seller paid closing costs or repairs, has a view
Each bar is the share of homes in the group, in percent.
50% of homes over 3,068 SF had a price cut before sale, against 50% of homes under 2,324 SF. Defined in 8.1.7.
38% of homes over 3,068 SF had the seller pay closing costs or repairs, against 25% of homes under 2,324 SF. Defined in 8.1.8.
100% of homes over 3,068 SF have a view, against 62% of homes under 2,324 SF. Defined in 8.1.9.
Price cut before sale: – No clear difference · could be chance
Seller paid closing costs or repairs: – No clear difference · could be chance
Has a view: – No clear difference · could be chance
4.9 The numbers: price and size
Under 2,324 SF8 sales
2,324–2,560 SF7 sales
2,594–3,068 SF7 sales
Over 3,068 SF8 sales
All30 sales
Real difference?
Net sale price average
$420,000
$672,000
$781,786
$2,964,221
$1,241,676
✓ large
Net price per SF average
$213
$277
$277
$569
$338
unclear
Living area average
1,966
2,453
2,827
4,308
2,905
by design
Year built median
2002
1985
1993
1994
1991
unclear
4.10 The numbers: selling
Under 2,324 SF8 sales
2,324–2,560 SF7 sales
2,594–3,068 SF7 sales
Over 3,068 SF8 sales
All30 sales
Real difference?
Days on market median
92
132
102
44
92
unclear
Discount from original list average
10.8%
10.3%
10.9%
10.3%
10.6%
unclear
Price cut before sale
50%
57%
29%
50%
47%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
25%
43%
71%
38%
43%
unclear
Has a view
62%
100%
100%
100%
90%
unclear
Prices, price per SF, living area and discount are averages; days on market and year built are medians. The test behind each verdict is in 8.3.2.
5. Quartiles by year builtResale homes · 30 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Sales ranked by year built and cut into four groups, from the oldest to the newest. Homes built in the same year always stay in the same group, so group sizes can differ a little.
Bottom line: no measure differs enough between the groups to rule out chance.
5.1 Key differences
The top group against the bottom group: no measure differs enough to rule out chance.
5.2 At a glance
Shaded rows are real differences; the darkest cell is the highest. Gray rows show no clear difference. Prices are averages; days on market and year built are medians.
Before 1985
1985–1991
1993–1998
After 1998
Real difference?
Net sale price
$549K
$1.04M
$1.45M
$2.04M
unclear
Net price per SF
$214 per SF
$377 per SF
$411 per SF
$387 per SF
unclear
Living area
2,536 SF
2,671 SF
3,180 SF
3,320 SF
unclear
Days on market
50 days
94 days
228 days
86 days
unclear
Discount from original list
12.5%
9.3%
11.2%
9.1%
unclear
Price cut before sale
33%
57%
67%
38%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
22%
57%
67%
38%
unclear
Has a view
78%
100%
100%
88%
unclear
5.3 Net sale price: no clear difference
The average is $2.04M for homes built after 1998 and $549K for homes built before 1985. It rises step by step from the lowest range to the highest. Defined in 8.1.1.
– No clear difference · could be chance
5.4 Net price per SF: no clear difference
The average is $387 per SF for homes built after 1998 and $214 per SF for homes built before 1985. It does not move in a straight line; homes built 1993–1998 are highest. Defined in 8.1.2.
– No clear difference · could be chance
5.5 Living area: no clear difference
The average is 3,320 SF for homes built after 1998 and 2,536 SF for homes built before 1985. It rises step by step from the lowest range to the highest. Defined in 8.1.3.
– No clear difference · could be chance
5.6 Days on market: no clear difference
The median is 86 days for homes built after 1998 and 50 days for homes built before 1985. It does not move in a straight line; homes built 1993–1998 are highest. Defined in 8.1.5.
– No clear difference · could be chance
5.7 Discount from original list: no clear difference
The average is 9.1% for homes built after 1998 and 12.5% for homes built before 1985. It does not move in a straight line; homes built before 1985 are highest. Defined in 8.1.6.
– No clear difference · could be chance
5.8 How often: price cut before sale, seller paid closing costs or repairs, has a view
Each bar is the share of homes in the group, in percent.
38% of homes built after 1998 had a price cut before sale, against 33% of homes built before 1985. Defined in 8.1.7.
38% of homes built after 1998 had the seller pay closing costs or repairs, against 22% of homes built before 1985. Defined in 8.1.8.
88% of homes built after 1998 have a view, against 78% of homes built before 1985. Defined in 8.1.9.
Price cut before sale: – No clear difference · could be chance
Seller paid closing costs or repairs: – No clear difference · could be chance
Has a view: – No clear difference · could be chance
5.9 The numbers: price and size
Before 19859 sales
1985–19917 sales
1993–19986 sales
After 19988 sales
All30 sales
Real difference?
Net sale price average
$548,700
$1,043,357
$1,447,411
$2,040,500
$1,241,676
unclear
Net price per SF average
$214
$377
$411
$387
$338
unclear
Living area average
2,536
2,671
3,180
3,320
2,905
unclear
Year built median
1982
1988
1996
2016
1991
by design
5.10 The numbers: selling
Before 19859 sales
1985–19917 sales
1993–19986 sales
After 19988 sales
All30 sales
Real difference?
Days on market median
50
94
228
86
92
unclear
Discount from original list average
12.5%
9.3%
11.2%
9.1%
10.6%
unclear
Price cut before sale
33%
57%
67%
38%
47%
unclear
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
22%
57%
67%
38%
43%
unclear
Has a view
78%
100%
100%
88%
90%
unclear
Prices, price per SF, living area and discount are averages; days on market and year built are medians. The test behind each verdict is in 8.3.3.
6. View and no viewResale homes · 30 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Sales where the MLS lists a view (greenbelt or park, trees, golf course, hill country, water and similar) against those listing none or only the neighborhood.
Bottom line: too few sales to test.
6.1 Key differences
The top group against the bottom group: no measure differs enough to rule out chance.
6.3 Net sale price: described, not tested
The average is $1.34M for homes with a view and $393K for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.1.
Not tested: too few sales.
6.4 Net price per SF: described, not tested
The average is $352 per SF for homes with a view and $208 per SF for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.2.
Not tested: too few sales.
6.5 Living area: described, not tested
The average is 3,022 SF for homes with a view and 1,855 SF for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.3.
Not tested: too few sales.
6.6 Year built: described, not tested
The median is 1991 for homes with a view and 1984 for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.4.
Not tested: too few sales.
6.7 Days on market: described, not tested
The median is 94 days for homes with a view and 89 days for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.5.
Not tested: too few sales.
6.8 Discount from original list: described, not tested
The average is 10.7% for homes with a view and 9.3% for homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.6.
Not tested: too few sales.
6.9 How often: price cut before sale, seller paid closing costs or repairs
Each bar is the share of homes in the group, in percent.
44% of homes with a view had a price cut before sale, against 67% of homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.7.
48% of homes with a view had the seller pay closing costs or repairs, against 0% of homes without a view. Defined in 8.1.8.
Price cut before sale: Not tested: too few sales.
Seller paid closing costs or repairs: Not tested: too few sales.
6.10 The numbers: price and size
View27 sales
No view3 sales
All30 sales
Net sale price average
$1,335,936
$393,333
$1,241,676
Net price per SF average
$352
$208
$338
Living area average
3,022
1,855
2,905
Year built median
1991
1984
1991
6.11 The numbers: selling
View27 sales
No view3 sales
All30 sales
Days on market median
94
89
92
Discount from original list average
10.7%
9.3%
10.6%
Price cut before sale
44%
67%
47%
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
48%
0%
43%
Prices, price per SF, living area and discount are averages; days on market and year built are medians. The test behind each verdict is in 8.3.4.
7. New constructionBasic statistics · 1 sales · October 26, 2025 – October 25, 2026
Homes sold new by the builder in the same 365 days. They are left out of every other section and shown here as basic figures only: 1 sales, no groups, no tests.
Note: these are only the new-construction sales reported in ABOR MLS. Builders often sell homes without listing them in the MLS, so these figures do not necessarily represent all new-construction sales in Horseshoe Bay Proper.
Measure
Average
Median
Sales
1
Net sale price
$580,000
$580,000
Net price per SF
$274
$274
Living area (SF)
2,120
2,120
Days on market
112
112
Discount from original list
9.4%
9.4%
Price cut before sale
100% of sales
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
0% of sales
Year built
2025–2025
Same definitions as the rest of the study (section 8). New construction = NewConstructionYN true, or PropertyCondition “New Construction” or “Under Construction”.
8. AppendixMeasures, methods and tests
Each measure and method three ways: in plain words, as statistics, and with the data from this study.
8.1 Measures
8.1.1 Net sale price
In simple terms
What the seller actually kept: the closing price, less money the seller gave back to the buyer for closing costs or repairs. It is the truest price for comparing homes.
Statistically
Net = ClosePrice − ACTRIS_BuyersClsgCostPdbySell − ACTRIS_RepairsAmount (a blank counts as $0). Summarized by the arithmetic mean in the slices.
The data
30 resale sales. Average $1,241,676; median $610,000; standard deviation $2,109,827; middle half (25th–75th percentile) $477,500–$849,350; lowest $270,000, highest $11,300,000. 13 sales had a seller payment; their median payment was $6,000.
8.1.2 Net price per SF
In simple terms
Net sale price divided by the heated and cooled square feet. It puts homes of different sizes on the same footing: did buyers pay more for each square foot, not just for more square feet?
Statistically
psf = Net ÷ LivingArea, per sale; summarized by the mean of the per-sale ratios.
The data
30 resale sales. Average $338; median $240; standard deviation $268; middle half (25th–75th percentile) $206–$283; lowest $99, highest $1,123.
8.1.3 Living area
In simple terms
The heated and cooled space, as listed in the MLS. Garages and porches are not counted.
Statistically
RESO LivingArea, in square feet. Sales under 400 SF are treated as entry errors and left out.
The data
30 resale sales. Average 2,905; median 2,577; standard deviation 1,489; middle half (25th–75th percentile) 2,290–3,120; lowest 1,512, highest 10,065.
8.1.4 Year built
In simple terms
The year the home was finished, as listed in the MLS. It shows whether a group leans to older or newer phases of the community.
Statistically
RESO YearBuilt; summarized by the median, with the 25th–75th percentile (middle half) on the charts.
The data
30 resale sales. Average 1994; median 1991; standard deviation 13; middle half (25th–75th percentile) 1984–1999; lowest 1975, highest 2020.
8.1.5 Days on market
In simple terms
How many days the home was on the market before the buyer's offer was accepted, counting any earlier listing periods (relists). This is the days on market agents and clients quote.
Statistically
CDOM = max(CumulativeDaysOnMarket, DaysOnMarket, PurchaseContractDate − ListingContractDate). The MLS counter can freeze at a price change, so the contract-date gap is a floor. Summarized by the median, because a few homes that sat for months pull an average up.
The data
30 resale sales. Average 145; median 92; standard deviation 146; middle half (25th–75th percentile) 39–236; lowest 4, highest 535. 0 sales went under contract on their listing date (0 days).
8.1.6 Discount from original list
In simple terms
How far below the first asking price the home sold, after seller payments. It measures how much negotiating room sellers gave up. A negative figure means the home sold above its first asking price.
Statistically
Discount % = (OriginalListPrice − Net) ÷ OriginalListPrice × 100, per sale; summarized by the mean.
The data
30 resale sales. Average 10.6%; median 9.0%; standard deviation 7.3%; middle half (25th–75th percentile) 5.1%–15.1%; lowest 0.0%, highest 26.1%. 0 sales closed above their first asking price.
8.1.7 Price cut before sale
In simple terms
The asking price was lowered at least once before the home went under contract.
Statistically
Indicator: ListPrice at close < OriginalListPrice. Reported as the share of sales (%).
The data
14 of 30 resale sales (46.7%).
8.1.8 Seller paid closing costs or repairs
In simple terms
The seller paid some of the buyer's closing costs or repairs.
Statistically
Indicator: ACTRIS_BuyersClsgCostPdbySell + ACTRIS_RepairsAmount > 0. Reported as the share of sales (%).
The data
13 of 30 resale sales (43.3%).
8.1.9 Has a view
In simple terms
The MLS says the home looks over something: a greenbelt or park, trees, golf course, hill country, water and similar.
Statistically
View = the View field holds any entry other than “None”, “Neighborhood” or “See Remarks”. No view = only “None” and/or “Neighborhood”. A record whose only entry is “See Remarks” cannot be classified and is left out of the view slice.
The data
27 sales with a view, 3 without, 0 unclassified. Most common View entries: Hill Country 16, Lake 11, Golf Course 11, Panoramic 6, Trees/Woods 4, None 3, Water 2, Neighborhood 2.
8.2 Methods
8.2.1 Data source
In simple terms
Every figure comes from the Austin Board of REALTORS® MLS, read live by ALEX. No figure is estimated or typed in.
Statistically
Bridge Interactive RESO Web API (OData), ABOR dataset, every field returned. Filter: StandardStatus = Closed, PropertyType = Residential, City = Horseshoe Bay, SubdivisionName contains any of “horseshoe bay proper” (case-insensitive). A record is kept when its subdivision name belongs to the Horseshoe Bay Proper family, the same rule comparable sales use.
The data
Pulled October 26, 2026: 34 closed Horseshoe Bay Proper records over the prior year, in ZIP 78657. 1 subdivision spellings kept: Horseshoe Bay Proper (34). No other names were found by the search.
8.2.2 Study window
In simple terms
The most recent 365 days of closed sales: recent enough to describe today's market, long enough to give each group plenty of sales. The usual window is 180 days; it holds only 20 resale sales here (under 80), so the full year is used.
Statistically
CloseDate from October 26, 2025 to October 25, 2026 inclusive.
The data
31 single-family sales in the window: 30 resale, 1 new construction.
8.2.3 Resale and new construction
In simple terms
A resale home was previously owned. New construction is sold by the builder and behaves differently, so it is kept out of every analysis and reported once on its own.
Statistically
New construction = NewConstructionYN true, or PropertyCondition contains “New Construction” or “Under Construction”. Everything else is resale.
The data
30 resale; 1 new construction.
8.2.4 Sales left out
In simple terms
A few records cannot be used as entered and are left out before any analysis.
Statistically
Excluded: PropertySubType other than Single Family Residence; no OriginalListPrice; LivingArea under 400 SF; seller payments above 10% of ClosePrice (treated as entry errors).
The data
3 sale(s) other than single-family homes (condo, townhome and similar)
8.2.5 Quartiles and groups
In simple terms
Sales lined up from lowest to highest and cut into four groups of about equal size. Each group is named by its range, for example “Under $515K”.
Statistically
Sort by the slicing variable; cut k sits at round(nk/4), k = 1…3. A cut that would split tied values moves to the nearer edge of the tie. A group under 3 sales merges into its smaller neighbor. Range names use the next group's lowest value (“Under”) and the previous group's highest value (“Over”/“After”).
The data
Quartiles by net sale price: Under $515K: $270,000–$465,000 (8 sales); $515K–$586K: $515,000–$586,000 (7 sales); $634K–$808K: $634,000–$807,500 (7 sales); Over $808K: $863,300–$11,300,000 (8 sales) Quartiles by living area: Under 2,324 SF: 1,512–2,278 SF (8 sales); 2,324–2,560 SF: 2,324–2,560 SF (7 sales); 2,594–3,068 SF: 2,594–3,068 SF (7 sales); Over 3,068 SF: 3,138–10,065 SF (8 sales) Quartiles by year built: Before 1985: 1975–1984 (9 sales); 1985–1991: 1985–1991 (7 sales); 1993–1998: 1993–1998 (6 sales); After 1998: 1999–2020 (8 sales) View and no view: View: MLS lists a view (27 sales); No view: None or Neighborhood (3 sales)
8.2.6 Average and median
In simple terms
The average adds the values and divides by how many; one very expensive home can pull it up. The median is the middle value, with half above and half below.
Statistically
Mean x̄ = (1/n) Σ xᵢ; median = 50th percentile. Price, price per SF, living area and discount use the mean; days on market and year built use the median (skewed or whole-year values).
The data
Net sale price: average $1,241,676, median $610,000. Days on market: average 145, median 92: the average is pulled up by a few long listings.
8.2.7 Kruskal–Wallis test
In simple terms
Checks whether a measure really differs across the four groups of a slice. It uses each sale's rank, not its value, so a few extreme sales cannot drive the answer.
Statistically
H = [12/(n(n+1))] Σ Rⱼ²/nⱼ − 3(n+1), compared with χ² on k − 1 degrees of freedom (Kruskal & Wallis, 1952). Effect size ε² = H/(n − 1): ≥ .01 small, ≥ .06 medium, ≥ .14 large (Tomczak & Tomczak, 2014). A slice is tested only when every group has at least 5 sales; smaller groups are described, not tested.
The data
Run on every measure in sections 3–5; each result is in 8.3.
8.2.8 Mann–Whitney U test
In simple terms
The same check when there are only two groups: view against no view.
Statistically
Two-sided U test (Mann & Whitney, 1947). Effect size = rank-biserial correlation |1 − 2U/(n₁n₂)|: ≥ .10 small, ≥ .30 medium, ≥ .50 large (Kerby, 2014; Cohen, 1988).
The data
Run on every measure in section 6; results in 8.3.
8.2.9 Chi-square test
In simple terms
Checks whether a yes/no share (price cut, seller payment, view) differs between groups more than chance would.
Statistically
Pearson χ² on the 2 × k table of counts, no continuity correction (Pearson, 1900). Effect size Cramér's V = √(χ²/n): ≥ .10 small, ≥ .30 medium, ≥ .50 large (Cramér, 1946).
The data
Run on the three shares in every slice; results in 8.3.
8.2.10 Real difference (significance)
In simple terms
“Real difference” means a gap this large would be very unlikely if the groups were really alike. Because many measures are checked in each slice, the bar is set higher than usual.
Statistically
Significant when p < 0.05 ÷ m, where m is the number of measures tested in that slice (Bonferroni; Dunn, 1961). The slicing variable itself differs by design and is not tested.
The data
Quartiles by net sale price: m = 8, threshold p < 0.0063; Quartiles by living area: m = 8, threshold p < 0.0063; Quartiles by year built: m = 8, threshold p < 0.0063
8.2.11 Size of a difference
In simple terms
A difference can be real but small. The size word (small, medium, large) says how much the groups pull apart.
Statistically
ε² for Kruskal–Wallis, rank-biserial r for Mann–Whitney, Cramér's V for chi-square, with the thresholds above; below the small threshold the size is “negligible”.
The data
3 real differences across the four slices; sizes are listed in 8.3.
8.2.12 Rounding in the text
In simple terms
Headings and sentences round figures so they read easily; the tables at the end of each section give them in full.
Statistically
Prices in headings round to the nearest $1K; price per SF and days on market to the nearest whole number; living area to the nearest 10 SF; shares and percentage gaps to whole percents.
The data
Days on market is always shown in days.
8.3 Test results
Every test behind every gold box. Statistic, degrees of freedom (df), p-value, the threshold it must beat, and the size of the difference.
8.3.1 Quartiles by net sale price
Measure
Test
Statistic
df
p-value
Threshold
Real difference?
Effect size
Size
Net price per SF
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 18.30
3
0.0004
p < 0.0063
Yes
ε² = 0.631
large
Living area
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 16.67
3
0.0008
p < 0.0063
Yes
ε² = 0.575
large
Year built
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 4.22
3
0.2390
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.145
large
Days on market
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 1.19
3
0.7566
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.041
small
Discount from original list
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 0.21
3
0.9753
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.007
negligible
Price cut before sale
Chi-square
χ² = 0.66
3
0.8837
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.148
small
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
Chi-square
χ² = 4.11
3
0.2497
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.370
medium
Has a view
Chi-square
χ² = 3.81
3
0.2828
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.356
medium
8.3.2 Quartiles by living area
Measure
Test
Statistic
df
p-value
Threshold
Real difference?
Effect size
Size
Net sale price
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 15.45
3
0.0015
p < 0.0063
Yes
ε² = 0.533
large
Net price per SF
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 4.62
3
0.2020
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.159
large
Year built
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 4.92
3
0.1775
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.170
large
Days on market
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 2.01
3
0.5695
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.069
medium
Discount from original list
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 0.37
3
0.9454
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.013
small
Price cut before sale
Chi-square
χ² = 1.30
3
0.7289
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.208
small
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
Chi-square
χ² = 3.46
3
0.3264
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.339
medium
Has a view
Chi-square
χ² = 9.17
3
0.0272
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.553
large
8.3.3 Quartiles by year built
Measure
Test
Statistic
df
p-value
Threshold
Real difference?
Effect size
Size
Net sale price
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 6.36
3
0.0954
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.219
large
Net price per SF
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 6.14
3
0.1050
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.212
large
Living area
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 2.92
3
0.4042
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.101
medium
Days on market
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 4.27
3
0.2334
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.147
large
Discount from original list
Kruskal–Wallis
H = 1.66
3
0.6452
p < 0.0063
Unclear
ε² = 0.057
small
Price cut before sale
Chi-square
χ² = 2.19
3
0.5347
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.270
small
Seller paid closing costs or repairs
Chi-square
χ² = 3.62
3
0.3057
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.347
medium
Has a view
Chi-square
χ² = 2.99
3
0.3926
p < 0.0063
Unclear
Cramér’s V = 0.316
medium
8.3.4 View and no view
Too few sales in a group to test.
8.4 Data notes
Left out of the analysis: 1 new-construction sales (basic statistics only, section 7); 3 sale(s) other than single-family homes (condo, townhome and similar). Statistics: Python, NumPy 2.5.3, SciPy 1.18.1.
8.5 References
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Erlbaum.
Cramér, H. (1946). Mathematical Methods of Statistics. Princeton University Press.
Dunn, O. J. (1961). Multiple comparisons among means. JASA, 56(293), 52–64.
Kerby, D. S. (2014). The simple difference formula: an approach to teaching nonparametric correlation. Comprehensive Psychology, 3, 11.IT.3.1.
Kruskal, W. H., & Wallis, W. A. (1952). Use of ranks in one-criterion variance analysis. JASA, 47(260), 583–621.
Mann, H. B., & Whitney, D. R. (1947). On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 18(1), 50–60.
Pearson, K. (1900). On the criterion that a given system of deviations… Philosophical Magazine, 50(302), 157–175.
Tomczak, M., & Tomczak, E. (2014). The need to report effect size estimates revisited. Trends in Sport Sciences, 21(1), 19–25.